If he continues President, we must remain at our posts, precisely as Grant remained before Richmond.
Charles Sumner
The Public Record
Charles Sumner was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American advocate for the abolition of slavery, and after the war he was a key figure in the Reconstruction era, during which he and other Radical Republicans successfully fought to end slavery and ensure basic rights for Black Americans. He continued advocating for racial equality until his death, lobbying in his final days for a civil rights bill that served as a model for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Historians credit Sumner with coining the phrase "equality before the law," which he first used as part of an early attempt to integrate Boston's public school system.
Our President is a public enemy, successor in spirit and opinion of Jefferson Davis, through whom the Rebellion is once more on its legs.
A volume or oration could not add to the force of this simple statement.
The more I think of this duty, the more commanding it seems.
The President is the Executive; we are the Legislative.
Let it be known that we are to continue in our seats, and every Union man throughout the Rebel States will feel stronger.
All this may occur; for the President is vindictive in his assault upon the upholders of Human Rights.
Is it not worth our care to provide against such calamity?
The resolutions themselves, even among those who do not sympathize with their object, are regarded as a masterpiece of composition, inasmuch as, while very strong, they did not fail in courtesy toward the Turkish Government.
Sumner took the ground that independence was a fact to be determined by evidence, and that, whatever might be the opinion of individuals with regard to the future result, there was no official evidence showing that independence was yet…
The misconduct of the President, and his obstruction of important legislation, naturally aroused judgment and indignation.
In the celebration of our hundredth birthday as a nation, now fast approaching, these prophetic voices will be heard, teaching how much of present fame and power was foreseen, also what remains to be accomplished.
So it seems that the supreme authority is about to escape from Western and Central Europe, to pass to the New World.
In the northern part of that other hemisphere offshoots of the European race have founded a vigorous society full of sap, whose influence grows with a rapidity that has never yet been seen anywhere.
The discovery of America by Christopher Columbus is the greatest event of secular history.
While yet unknown, imagination invested this continent with proverbial magnificence.
If the Golden Age is before, and not behind, as is now happily the prevailing faith, then indeed must America share, at least, if it does not monopolize, the promised good.
Know that this theory is false; his bark The daring mariner shall urge far o’er The western wave, a smooth and level plain, Albeit the earth is fashioned like a wheel.
Man was in ancient days of grosser mould, And Hercules might blush to learn how far Beyond the limits he had vainly set The dullest sea-boat soon shall wing her way.
Men shall descry another hemisphere, Since to one common centre all things tend; So earth, by curious mystery divine Well balanced, hangs amid the starry spheres.
Brought together in one body, on the principle of our National Union, E pluribus unum, they must give new confidence in the destinies of the Republic.
Only what has been said sincerely by those whose words are important deserves place in such a collection.
Not fable or romance, but history, is the true authority; and here experience and genius are the lights by which our prophets have walked.
Men who have lived much and felt strongly see further than others.
But here Genius with divine power lifts the curtain and sweeps the scene.





