Fellow-citizens, individuals in each of the old parties strove in vain to produce a change, and to make them exponents of growing Antislavery sentiments.
Charles Sumner
The Public Record
Charles Sumner was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American advocate for the abolition of slavery, and after the war he was a key figure in the Reconstruction era, during which he and other Radical Republicans successfully fought to end slavery and ensure basic rights for Black Americans. He continued advocating for racial equality until his death, lobbying in his final days for a civil rights bill that served as a model for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Historians credit Sumner with coining the phrase "equality before the law," which he first used as part of an early attempt to integrate Boston's public school system.
At Baltimore and Philadelphia, in the great Conventions of these parties, Slavery triumphed.
The moving cause and animating soul of our party is the idea of Freedom.
In adopting it as the paramount principle of our movement we declare our purpose to carry out the Great Idea of our institutions, as originally established.
In other words, it is our lofty aim to bring back the administration of the Government to the standard of a Christian Democracy, with a sincere and wide regard for Human Rights,--that it may be in reality, as in name, a Republic.
I am a man, and regard nothing human as foreign to me," was the sentiment of the Roman poet, who had once been a slave; and these words may be adopted as the motto of our movement.
It is in no respect against the South, but against the Evil Spirit having its home at the South, which has obtained the control of the Government.
One of the expedients of party to acquire influence within particular districts is to misrepresent the opinions and aims of other districts.
You cannot shield yourselves too much against the jealousies and heart-burnings which spring from these misrepresentations; they tend to render alien to each other those who ought to be bound together by fraternal affection."--Farewell…
For years this band has acted against the whole country, and subjugated it to Slavery.
There are many who forget that the larger portion of the people at the South are non-slaveholders, interested equally with ourselves--nay, more than we are--in the overthrow of that power which has so long dictated its disastrous and…
If at the present moment our efforts seem in any respect sectional or against the South, it is simply because the chief opponents of our principles are there.
But our principles are not sectional; they are applicable to the whole Union,--nay, more, to all the human race.
No intelligent person, careful and honest in his statements, will undertake to say that either of them does represent these.
Most certainly his devotion to Freedom may well be questioned, who adheres to a national party which declines to be the organ of Freedom.
To this let it be said, in the first place, that our direct and primary object is not Emancipation in the States, but the establishment of Freedom everywhere under the National Government; and there is reason to believe that we have…
But, in the second place, whatever may have been the temporary shock to Emancipation in the Slave States, it will not be denied by candid minds that the efforts in the North have hastened the great day of Freedom.
Without the moral support of the Free States, these powerful statesmen would have shrunk from the unequal battle.
Let us, then, continue to plead, believing that no honest, earnest voice for Freedom can be in vain.
But, independent of example, we are led to this course by conviction of its necessity, in the maintenance of our great cause.
It is our duty so to cast our votes on all occasions as to promote the principles we have at heart.
And it would be wrong to disregard the experience of political history, both at home and abroad, which teaches that it is through the constant, well-directed organization of party that these are best maintained.
Assuming, then, what few will be so hardy as to deny, that it is proper for people to combine in parties for the promotion of cherished convictions, it follows, as an irresistible consequence, that this combination should be made most…
If men unite in constructing the powerful and complex machine of a political organization, it must be rendered complete, and thoroughly competent to its work.
Let us at all hazards prevent the extension of Slavery and the increase of the Slave Power.





