Yet it is the simple fact, capable of indefinite proof, that the black man does not receive the faintest shadow of justice.
Charles Sumner
The Public Record
Charles Sumner was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American advocate for the abolition of slavery, and after the war he was a key figure in the Reconstruction era, during which he and other Radical Republicans successfully fought to end slavery and ensure basic rights for Black Americans. He continued advocating for racial equality until his death, lobbying in his final days for a civil rights bill that served as a model for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Historians credit Sumner with coining the phrase "equality before the law," which he first used as part of an early attempt to integrate Boston's public school system.
I aver that in nine cases out of ten within my own observation, where a white man has provoked an affray with a black, and savagely misused him, the black man has been fined for insolent language, because he did not receive the…
It is the simple truth that the most flagrant crimes against the blacks are not noticed at all; and, indeed, a man loses caste, if he interests himself about them.
It is the simple truth that black men are not allowed to use their own property to the best advantage, or in any way to make such use of their capabilities as would be likely to elevate them in social position.
Meantime companies are forming to import coolies and European immigrants to drive the black man from the little chance that is left him.
The whole thing may be summed up in one word: The South is determined to have Slavery,--the thing, if not the name.
And if all restraint is removed, it is as certain as fate that their condition will be far worse than it ever was before.
It will be the old system, with all its mitigations rescinded and all its horrors intensified.
If the freedmen are left friendless, it will be the very valley of the shadow of death.
Let Congress keep these States out of the Union till the shape and tone of their legislation is seen and understood as relating to freedmen, and then keep them out until it is clearly shown whether the people will obey the legislation or…
I know this people well; I was born and reared with them; they are far more hostile to the Government to-day than they were in 1860.
It is to the Union party of the North that we are to-day indebted for being able to live here.
We should preserve these sacred souvenirs of the courage and endurance of those who went forth to battle under their folds, and who manfully upheld them with their life-blood.
With such a person in high office, we could expect little else than the barbarism which rages there.
From Alabama pass to Mississippi, and there the same hideous scenes are renewed.
In respectful earnestness I must say, that, if, at the end of all the blood that has been shed and the treasure expended, the unfortunate negro is to be left in the hands of his infuriated and disappointed former owners to legislate and…
After a great step and a mighty victory, you are expected by President Johnson to withdraw your protection from this people and turn their destiny over to those who for centuries have ground them into the dust.
As a man who has been deprived of a large number of persons he once claimed as slaves, I protest against such a course.
I must give it as my deliberate opinion, that the freedmen are to-day, in the vicinity of where I am now writing, worse off in most respects than when they were held as slaves.
If matters are permitted to continue as they now seem likely to be, it needs no prophet to predict a rising on the part of the colored population, and a terrible scene of bloodshed and desolation; nor can one blame the negroes, if this…
The agents of the Freedmen’s Bureau are almost powerless.
Just as soon as the United States troops are withdrawn, it will be unsafe for the agents of the Bureau to remain.
The object of the Southerners appears to be to make good their often repeated assertions, to the effect that the negroes would die, if they were freed.
To make it so, they seem determined to goad them to desperation, in order to have an excuse to turn upon and annihilate them.
They all assure me that they do not consider themselves safe in the country; and two of them, ex-colonels in the United States army, are afraid to leave their places without an armed escort.





