Further than this, who fails to see that those promises are not binding which are extorted by intimidation or which we make when misled by false pretences?
Cicero: “Further than this, who fails to see that those promises are not binding which are extorted by intimidation or which we…”
Editor's note · Context
Cicero asserts that promises extracted through intimidation or based on false pretenses are inherently without legal or moral obligation.
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For we may well be guided by those fundamental principles of justice which I laid down at the outset: first, that no harm be done to anyone; second, that the common interests be conserved.
There are, on the other hand, two kinds of injustice--the one, on the part of those who inflict wrong, the other on the part of those who, when they can, do not shield from wrong those upon whom it is being inflicted.
For we are all attracted and drawn to a zeal for learning and knowing; and we think it glorious to excel therein, while we count it base and immoral to fall into error, to wander from the truth, to be ignorant, to be led astray.
For they secure one sort of justice, to be sure, in that they do no positive wrong to anyone, but they fall into the opposite injustice; for hampered by their pursuit of learning they leave to their fate those whom they ought to defend.





