It is thus that the treaty-making power has been understood by foreign nations.

It is perfectly clear to my understanding that the assent of the House of Representatives is not necessary to the validity of a treaty.

The nature of foreign negotiations requires caution, and their success must often depend on secrecy.

I have ever entertained but one opinion on this subject; and from the first establishment of the Government to this moment my conduct has exemplified that opinion.

I trust that no part of my conduct has ever indicated a disposition to withhold any information which the Constitution has enjoined upon the President as a duty to give.

It is a fact declared by the General Convention and universally understood that the Constitution of the United States was the result of a spirit of amity and mutual concession.

This early communication of the treaty with Spain has become necessary because it is stipulated in the third article that commissioners for running the boundary line shall meet at the Natchez.

This treaty has been ratified by me agreeably to the Constitution.

I send herewith a copy of the treaty of friendship, limits, and navigation, concluded on the 27th of October last, between the United States and His Catholic Majesty.

It will also be necessary to provide for the expense to be incurred in executing the twenty-first article of the treaty.

My sentiments therein expressed I am persuaded will harmonize with yours and with those of all my fellow-citizens.

I send herewith, for the information of Congress, the treaty concluded between the United States and the Dey and Regency of Algiers.