This measure is an important step forward in that it sets an example through its recognition by the Federal Government of the principle that even the relatively small number of juveniles in the Federal system should be handled on a modern scientific basis.

It is also a recognition by the Federal Government of the juvenile court as the proper place for the handling of the cases of all juveniles, and is an acceptance of the principle that juvenile offenders are the product of and the responsibility of their home communities.

The willingness of our people to accept this added burden in these times in order impregnably to establish the credit of the Federal Government is a great tribute to their wisdom and courage.

Road building by the Federal Government and the States and municipalities is a major factor in unemployment relief.

I have considered that the vital function of the President and of the Federal Government was to exert every effort and every power of the Government to the restoration of stability and employment in our country which has been so greatly disturbed, largely from abroad.

The Federal Government is spending now half a billion a year above normal to give employment.

The Federal Government has already extended assistance in some portions of those localities and the Red Cross is actively engaged in relief work.

The Federal Government can help with information and research, and toward the creation of administrative agencies and the funds to assist in support of them, but they rest primarily with States and counties, cooperating often with private agencies and dealing with the problem at close range and in the light of local conditions.

So that the Federal Government will in the next calendar year be expanding from the rate of about $250 million in nondepression period to about $700 million in depression period.

The Federal Government can cooperate in assistance in disaster with community and industrial action and the organization of local responsibility.

The difficulties of agriculture cannot be cured in a day; they cannot all be cured by legislation; they cannot be cured by the Federal Government alone.

I want to see the policy adopted by the States of discharging their public functions so faithfully that instead of an extension on the part of the Federal Government there can be a contraction.

It is impossible to lay too much emphasis upon the necessity of making all our political action of the Federal Government harmonize with the principle of national unity.

But whilst such are my views in respect to the measure itself, and while I shall feel it to be my duty to labor for its accomplishment by the proper use of all the means that are or shall be placed at my disposal by Congress, I am at the same time equally desirous to avoid the use of any which are inconsistent with those principles of benevolence and justice which I on a former occasion endeavored to show have in the main characterized the dealings of the Federal Government with the Indian tribes from the Administration of President Washington to the present time.