W.E.B. Du Bois: “It is the public schools, however, which can be made, outside the homes, the greatest means of training decent…”

By 1830 slavery seemed hopelessly fastened on the South, and the slaves thoroughly cowed into submission.

Fully ninety-four per cent have struggled for land and failed, and half of them sit in hopeless serfdom.

Through history, the powers of single black men flash here and there like falling stars, and die sometimes before the world has rightly gauged their brightness.

All this segregation by color is largely independent of that natural clustering by social grades common to all communities.