That is to say, he has, by nature, the right to judge of, and enforce his own rights, and judge of, and redress his own wrongs.
Lysander Spooner
The Public Record
Lysander Spooner was an American abolitionist, entrepreneur, lawyer, essayist, natural rights legal theorist, pamphleteer, political philosopher, and writer often associated with the Boston anarchist tradition.
Every man has, by nature, certain judicial powers, or rights.
I cannot delegate any such right to A, because I have no such right myself; and I cannot delegate to another what I do not myself possess.
I cannot delegate to A any right to make laws--that is, laws of his own invention--and compel Z to obey them.
I cannot delegate to another any right to make laws--that is, laws of his own invention--and compel a third person to obey them.
Such a contract would be an absurd and void contract, utterly destitute of all legal or moral obligation.
Such a contract, on my part, would be a contract to part with my natural liberty; to give myself, or sell myself, to him as a slave.
I cannot delegate to another man any right to make laws--that is, laws of his own invention--and compel me to obey them.
And all contracts whatsoever, for such a purpose, are necessarily absurd and void contracts.
Men's natural rights are all inherent and inalienable; and therefore cannot be parted with, or delegated, by one person to another.
Because, in truth, no powers at all, neither legislative, judicial, nor executive, had been "delegated to the United States by the constitution.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.