By means of Napoleon's treachery to the cause of liberty, which he had pretended to espouse on entering Italy, that unhappy country had been led to a ruin more deep and complete than any of the other of his victims; for she had been, more than any other, reduced to spiritual slavery, as well as temporal.
Giuseppe Garibaldi: “By means of Napoleon's treachery to the cause of liberty, which he had pretended to espouse on entering Italy, that…”
Editor's note · Context
Garibaldi critiques Napoleon's betrayal of liberty in Italy, arguing it led to a profound and unique form of national subjugation, both temporal and spiritual.
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The future Rome, rising to regenerate the nation, has now long been a dominant idea in my mind, and inspired me with hope and energy.
But who, in those days, had ever taught them how to be patriots and Italians?
There is not a spot of ground on earth in which do not lie the bones of some generous Italian, for whose sake Italy ought never to cease from the struggle until free herself.
When I recur to the principles which were inculcated at school, and the motives used to encourage us to study, I am now able to understand their unsoundness and their evil tendency.





