earlier this month, a three-judge panel of the Tenth Circuit decided United States v. Singleton, in which it found that the prosecutor had violated the federal gratuity statute and a state ethics rule by entering a plea agreement with a cooperating defendant that made certain promises in exchange for the cooperator's truthful testimony at trial. The promises in question were the sort of plain vanilla promises that appear in virtually every cooperation agreement, and are the lifeblood of bringing successful prosecutions. As a former prosecutor, I found this decision bizarre and dangerous. In effect, it makes it illegal--a federal felony--for prosecutors to offer leniency in return for testimony on the theory that leniency is a form of bribery. Defense attorneys across the country have already begun to jump on the Singleton bandwagon. In my state, Vermont, the decision has already triggered new motions in a major drug smuggling case involving a billion dollars worth of hashish. The defendant, Martin Scott, is scheduled to go to trial in September, and the government's evidence includes testimony by cooperating codefendants. Scott has now moved to exclude this testimony on the ground that it was obtained unlawfully in return for government promises of leniency, citing Singleton. If this controversial decision stands, prosecutors would be exposed to the threat of felony liability and disciplinary action just for doing their jobs.
Editor's note · Context
Discussing the implications of the Tenth Circuit's decision in United States v. Singleton.
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