Yet the system of measures established by these acts of Congress does totally subvert and destroy the form as well as the substance of republican government in the ten States to which they apply.
Editor's note · Context
Johnson argues that the measures enacted by Congress undermine the very essence of republican government in the affected Southern states.
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I would therefore recommend such an amendment of the Constitution as may remove all intermediate agency in the election of the President and Vice-President.
The danger of a defeat of the popular choice in an election by the House of Representatives is no greater than in an election made nominally by the people themselves.
Thus far during the existence of the Government the Supreme Court of the United States has been viewed by the people as the true expounder of their Constitution, and in the most violent party conflicts its judgments and decrees have always…
My object in this communication is to suggest certain defects in the Constitution which seem to me to require correction.





