W.E.B. Du Bois: “Lunch rooms either don't serve niggers or serve them at some dirty and ill-attended hole in the wall.”

Years have passed away since then,—ten, twenty, forty; forty years of national life, forty years of renewal and development, and yet the swarthy spectre sits in its accustomed seat at the Nation’s feast.

The direct result of this system is an all-cotton scheme of agriculture and the continued bankruptcy of the tenant.

To him, so far as he thought and dreamed, slavery was indeed the sum of all villainies, the cause of all sorrow, the root of all prejudice; Emancipation was the key to a promised land of sweeter beauty than ever stretched before the eyes…

By 1830 slavery seemed hopelessly fastened on the South, and the slaves thoroughly cowed into submission.