Richard Shelby actually said...

when the history is written of the NIH, there will be a chapter that is entitled 'The Porter-Harkin-Specter' chapter

But is there a real substitute--none of us want to be cruel and inhumane to animals.

Because it is a human being which you are working on ultimately to help save, right?

How important is that in the research field, whatever it might be, immunization, or neurological, cancer, you name it.