International law has in modern times spoken with no very certain voice as to the permissible treatment of alien enemies found within the territory of a belligerent at the outbreak of war.
Holland notes the uncertainty in modern international law regarding the treatment of enemy aliens at the start of war.
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Every law presupposes an authority to superintend and direct its execution, and international conventions are supported by no such authority.
No, you must attack all the resources of the enemy's Government: its finances, its railways, its stores, and even its prestige.
In it the noblest virtues of mankind are developed; courage and the abnegation of self, faithfulness to duty, and the spirit of sacrifice: the soldier gives his life.
The need for pressure of any kind is, of course, regrettable, the only question being whether such limited pressure be not more humane to the nation which experiences it, and less distasteful to the nation which exercises it, than is the…
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