But the main problem here is it hasn't been profitable for U.S. farms to produce these minerals.

I think my colleague Senator Murkowski referred to bureaucratic intransigence as the reason why we do not have a production of these rare earth elements.

Thank you, Chairman Bingaman, Ranking Member Murkowski and members of the Committee.

I find that your example of the platinum group metal is amazing that you get 400 times the yield from recycling automotive catalysts than yield from mining those same platinum group metals.

Our landfills make us the Saudi Arabia of critical materials.

Thank you Chairman Bingaman, Ranking Member Murkowski, and members of the committee for the opportunity to testify today.

I don't really believe, based on what I've seen that the problem, the core problem here is the permitting process.

The most fundamental question to consider today is how we should go about determining exactly which minerals and materials are critical?

It is always sound advice to listen to your doctor.

This is a real pleasure doing this jointly with you.

The last major revision to the Clean Air Act was in 1990.

the issue is whether effects occur at air pollution levels observed today.

Dr. Barrasso just asked the question, why asthma rates are rising in the U.S.

Thank you for that excellent statement.

Are you saying we have no problem with air pollution in American cities today?

Dear Senator Udall, I have lived with the real life effects of air pollution. As a mother, it is difficult to witness your child struggle with asthma.

I think the evidence for that is unequivocal.

Thank you, Senator Carper.